Knowledge Base

The Balance of trade is the difference between the income that a country receives from exports and the investment it spends on imports.

Blockchain is a digitally distributed ledger that is encrypted and shared in real time among parties involved.

Geographical pricing refers to the pricing method in which the basic price of a product is modified depending on the buyer's geographical location.

Trade and economic sanctions are commercial and financial penalties applied by one or more countries against a targeted country, group, or individual.

The Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System (known as "Harmonized System") represents an internationally standardized tariff nomenclature used to classify imported and exported products.

In order to import something in a definite country, it is not sufficient to know the international standards. You have to prove the quality of the products by the help of the special permit.

Economic integration refers to an agreement between countries from the same geographic area, established in order to reduce, and with time remove, tariff and non tariff barriers.

Counterfeit consumer goods are goods, often of a very bad quality, produced and sold under the famous brand name without the brand owner’s authorization.

In order to protect the economic integrity and not to lose individuality, every Government elaborates a number of strategies and techniques.

The main purpose of the Incoterms is to make international trade easier and help exporters/importers from different countries to understand one another.

Tariffs represent a customs duty which is the indirect tax levied on the import or export of goods in international trade. This is, also, a kind of consumption tax.

There are four methods of payment to assure an export procedure and consider any international transaction completed.

Export Oriented Industrialization is a trade and economic policy.

Trade barriers are measures taken by governments or public authorities to make imported goods or services less competitive than locally produced goods and services ...

Customs brokers are people performing "clearing" of goods through customs barriers for importers, exporters, and business companies. This involves the preparation of documents ...

Pre-shipment inspections (PSI) are required by several countries in order to ensure that the imported goods are in conformity with the standards and impede the inadequate products ...

E-commerce implies trade in goods or services using computer networks, namely the Internet. The electronic commerce exploits such technologies as mobile commerce, Internet marketing and ...

Rules of origin is a term used in the field of the international trade, which helps to determine from where a product comes. Rules of origin are needed to detect the national source of the ...

Free trade is a policy accepted by some international markets. It represents the following process: the governments of the countries do not restrict imports from, or exports to, other countries ...

Cost, Insurance and Freight, or CIF, is a term used in trade referring to the fact that the seller have to arrange the carriage of goods by sea to a port of destination, and ...